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Parliamentary and Government Materials

Hansard, the AJHR, the Gazette, Cabinet papers, Law Commission work, select committees and official reports.

Chapter 5 covers the material Parliament and the executive produce. It is a bigger chapter than its Australian equivalent and carries several forms with no counterpart there.

Hansard

Parliamentary debates have no author and open with the date. The volume number and “NZPD” follow, then the page.

(date) volume NZPD page.

4(6 April 2005) 624 NZPD 19676.

Debates that are not yet bound

Parliament publishes debates online before they are bound, and an unbound debate has no page number at all. r 5.1.1 replaces the page with the subject and the speaker.

Unbound
(2 May 2018) 729 NZPD (Maritime Transport Amendment Bill – Second Reading, Julie Anne Genter).

The AJHR

In the Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, the year doubles as the volume number, which is why it takes square brackets. A journal spanning two years names both in full.

The title takes quotation marks rather than italics, unlike almost everything else in this chapter.

11Geoffrey Palmer “A Bill of Rights for New Zealand: A White Paper” [1984–1985] I AJHR A6 at 29.

The New Zealand Gazette

The Gazette changed structure in October 2017 and the two forms differ in more than one place. The newer one carries a notice number and no page. The older one carries an issue number before the title and a starting page after it.

Orders in Council and proclamations are cited through the Gazette rather than having forms of their own (rr 4.3.2 and 4.3.6). Where a proclamation’s Gazette title does not carry the word, add it at the start.

From October 2017
“Declaration of State of Local Emergency” (23 March 2018) New Zealand Gazette No 2018-go941.
Before October 2017
“Order in Council” (10 December 2009) 180 New Zealand Gazette 4021.

The Law Commission

The Commission’s own citation runs together with no space between the series letters and the number. It is “NZLC PP12”, never “NZLC PP 12”.

The series are R for Reports, PP for Preliminary Papers, SP for Study Papers, IP for Issues Papers, MP for Miscellaneous Papers and OP for Occasional Papers.

15Law Commission The Prosecution of Offences (NZLC PP12, 1990) at 29.

Cabinet material

The Cabinet Manual is cited by the Cabinet Office as author. Other Cabinet documents are identified by their own reference.

Cabinet Manual
Cabinet Office Cabinet Manual 2008 at 29.
A circular
Cabinet Office Circular “Conduct During Periods of Caretaker Government” (21 April 1999) CO 99/5.

Select committees and standing orders

Note that a submission takes quotation marks and a committee report takes italics.

A submission
New Zealand Law Society “Submission to the Justice and Electoral Committee on the Arbitration Amendment Bill 2017” (3 May 2017).
A committee report
Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Committee Briefing on Egypt and the Middle East (18 March 2011).
Standing orders
Standing Orders of the House of Representatives 2017, SO 265(5).

Papers and reports

This is the catch-all for official reports. Both the author and the publisher can be dropped: the author where their name is already inside the title, the publisher where it is the same as the author (r 5.4).

22Roger Procter Enhancing Productivity: Towards an Updated Action Agenda (Ministry of Economic Development, Occasional Paper 11/01, March 2011) at 29.

Material obtained under the Official Information Act

r 5.3 is not a citation form of its own. Where you obtained a document under the Act, say so at the end of the citation, after the pinpoint, on whatever type the document is.

It describes how you got hold of a particular passage, so it is dropped from the bibliography along with the pinpoint.

Example
Ministry of Justice Reforming the Privacy Act (2018) at 12 (obtained under Official Information Act 1982 request to the Ministry of Justice).

Last reviewed 6 August 2026