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Journal Articles

Volume numbers, the bracket they decide, and pinpointing a footnote inside an article.

A journal article is an author, a title in double quotation marks, a year, the journal abbreviation, and the page the article starts on.

The basic form

There is no comma after the author, as with every secondary source.

Author “Title” (year) volume Abbrev start page at pinpoint.

5Peter Watts “Birks’ Unjust Enrichment” (2005) 121 LQR 163 at 166.
6Susan Glazebrook “Academics and the Supreme Court” (2017) 48 VUWLR 237 at 247.

Round brackets or square, again

The rule is the same as for law reports and follows from the same logic. A journal with its own running volume numbers takes round brackets. A journal where the year is the volume takes square brackets and has no volume number.

Has volume numbers
Susan Glazebrook “Academics and the Supreme Court” (2017) 48 VUWLR 237 at 247.
Year is the volume
Jessica Palmer “Theories of the Trust and What They Might Mean for Beneficiary Rights to Information” [2010] NZ L Rev 541.

Issue numbers

An issue number appears only where the journal does not paginate continuously through the volume. Most legal journals do, so most citations do not carry one.

Italics inside a title

Where an article title itself contains a case name, the case name stays italicised inside the quotation marks (r 6.4.3).

Pincite lets you italicise a run inside the title field rather than making you choose between the two.

Pinpointing a footnote

Where the point you are relying on is in one of the article’s own footnotes, give the page or paragraph, then a comma, then the footnote number (r 6.1.8(d)). It reads “at 189, n 92”.

A note on the abbreviations

The Style Guide publishes no table of New Zealand journal abbreviations. r 3.2.5(a) points readers at the Legal Citation and Abbreviation database instead.

Pincite’s list is built from the abbreviations the guide itself uses in worked examples, so it is grounded but not complete. Where an abbreviation is not in the list, type it, and check the bracket yourself.

Related Index entries

Journal article

Last reviewed 6 August 2026